Urdu - اردو

Speakers (native):	61 million
Speakers (total):	104 million
Spoken in:	Predominently in the Indian Sub-continent, over 1% of population in some middle eastern countries.
Ranking (native):	19-21
Official language in:	Pakistan, Uttar Pardesh and Delhi in India
Language family:	Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Indo-Aryan -> Western Hindi languages -> Hindustani -> Urdu
Similar/Related to:	Hindi, Farsi, Arabic
Script:	Arabic
ISO-639-1:	ur
ISO-639-2:	urd
ISO/DIS 639-3:	urd

(Information courtesy of Wikipedia.)

A recent vintage

Urdu is a relatively new language though borrows from a number of older ones. It is written in the Arabic script though the rest of it has more in common with Hindi or Farsi (Persian).

More widely spoken than English?

If counted as one language (Urdu+Hindi), Urdu, or more appropriately Hindustani, ranks as the world's third or even the second most widely spoken language.

All about numbers:

Urdu Digits

Names of days of the week:

Urdu Weekdays

Urdu idioms (muhawaray):

Urdu Idioms

Urdu proverbs (Zarb-ul-amsaal):

Urdu Proverbs

Some common names and words that are pronounced differently in Urdu:

Different Pronunciations

Words related to or derived from Urdu:

Derived Words

Words that sound the same as completely different words from English:

Same pronunciation, different meaning

This is a tool I've made to generate Urdu unicode text from "Engdu" (just a name I gave to it) or Urdu written in the roman script:

Urdu Maker